Arthritis

Gout

Gout, one of the most painful forms of arthritis, is found primarily in men. While we can't cure it, we do have several highly effective treatments to control it. The symptoms of gout are often centered in the big toe, causing it to become swollen and extremely painful; but any joint may be affected. Pain usually occurs when the body is unable to eliminate uric acid, a waste product normally in the blood. If your body produces too much uric acid, or your kidneys aren't working properly to excrete it, an acute gout attack can follow.

Through the ages gout was known as the "disease of kings" because it was believed that a rich (man's) diet caused the disease. This myth is partially true. Diets high in purines (organ meats, fish eggs, sardines, anchovies, beer, and wine) can aggravate gout -- but only in people who have trouble dealing with uric acid. Likewise, eliminating these foods may help reduce chances of an attack, but won't cure the underlying cause. Alcohol, too, can cause an attack or make one worse. Your diet and drinking habits should be fully discussed with your doctor when you begin treatment.

In general, gout is controlled or prevented by a number of specific medications that reduce the inflammation caused by the crystal-like deposits of uric acid that form in the toe, or other areas, and precipitate an attack.

Colchicine, a drug developed from the crocus plant, is among the best known anti-gout drugs. It provides quick relief during a gout attack and is also used preventively. In addition, there are two types of second-line treatment: Drugs that lower uric acid levels by increasing output, such as probenecid (Benemid) and sulfinpyrazone (Anturane), and drugs like allopurinol (Zyloprim) that prevent uric acid production. These medications are often supplemented with NSAIDs during acute attacks.

See Also: Rheumatoid | Arthritis | Osteoarthritis

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