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Women's Health: Menstrual Cramps
WHAT YOU SHOULD
KNOW
Menstrual cramps are known medically as dysmenorrhea
(dis-men-oh-REE-uh). During your period, the uterus (womb) gets
rid of the lining (blood and tissue) that builds up during the
time between your periods. The uterus, which has muscular
walls, expels the blood by tightening and pushing it out. This
can cause pain in the abdomen that sometimes spreads to the
back and legs. It usually goes away after 1 or 2
days.
Causes
Generally, the cramps are caused
by muscles tightening in the uterus. Sometimes pain occurs when
the passage between the uterus and the vagina (the cervix)
opens to let blood clots through. In some cases, a woman may
have an infection or growth that causes pain during her
periods.
Signs/Symptoms
The problem takes the form of
cramps and sharp pains in the abdomen, lower back, and legs.
Sometimes nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may occur. You may
feel tired and things may easily bother
you.
Care
If the pain is really bad, your
doctor may need to inspect your vagina (pelvic exam) to make
sure there is not another cause for the pain. The doctor may
give you several different kinds of pain medicine to see which
one works for you.
WHAT YOU SHOULD DO
-
You may take nonprescription medicine such as
aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen and acetaminophen for
menstrual cramps. Use it only as
directed.
-
If your doctor gives you a prescription for menstrual
cramps, take it exactly as
directed.
-
Applying heat to your abdomen or back helps ease the
pain. Do this for about 20 minutes once or twice a day. Use
a heating pad set on low or a warm water bottle, or take a
warm bath for 10 to 15 minutes.
-
Stay as active as possible. Exercise often helps
relieve pain. You don't need to stay in
bed.
-
Don't drink too much caffeine (cola or coffee); and
try to keep away from things that cause you to feel
stressed-out.
Call Your Doctor If...
-
Your pain is not controlled with medication or lasts
more than 3 days.
-
You have pain with urination or bowel movements, or
pain that is located on one side
only.
-
The medicine you are taking is causing any
problems.
Seek Care Immediately
If...
-
Your pain is so bad that you can't
walk.
-
You have a high temperature, vomiting, diarrhea,
rash, dizziness, or muscle aches during your menstrual
period.
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