The eardrum--also known as the tympanic (tim-PAN-ik)
membrane--is a thin, round sheet of tissue that divides the ear
canal from the middle ear. This fragile membrane is easily torn
or perforated. The injury usually heals in 2 months without
treatment. Your hearing should not be
affected.
Causes
The culprit is often a sharp
object jammed into the ear. The membrane can also rupture under
the sudden increase in pressure that occurs during an explosion
or while diving. A blow to the outer ear sometimes damages the
eardrum; and a middle ear infection also can lead to
perforation.
Signs/Symptoms
Typical symptoms include sudden
ear pain, hearing loss, dizziness, ringing in the ear, and
bleeding or discharge from the ear. Signs of a serious problem
are hearing loss in both ears, severe dizziness, or feeling as
though you are spinning.
Care
If you develop an infection, your
doctor may prescribe an antibiotic. Surgery may be needed if
the eardrum does not heal on its own.
WHAT YOU SHOULD DO
Keep your ear dry. Water inside the ear may delay or
prevent healing.
Do not swim or take showers until the eardrum is
healed.
When taking a bath, place a piece of cotton covered
with petroleum jelly in the outer ear canal to prevent
water from entering the ear.
To help relieve pain, apply heat to the ear with a
warm water bottle or a heating pad set on low. Avoid high
temperatures that could burn your ear or
face.
You may use over-the counter medicines such as
acetaminophen or ibuprofen to relieve pain. Be sure to use
them exactly as directed.
Blow your nose gently to avoid changes in pressure
that could further damage the ear.
You may resume normal activities when you feel
better.
Call Your Doctor If...
You have increased bleeding or a pus-like discharge
from the ear.
You still feel dizzy after 12 to 24
hours.
You feel nauseated or start to
vomit.
You develop a high temperature.
You continue to have pain in your ear despite
treatment.
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