Sustiva

Pronounced: suss-TEE-vah
Generic name: Efavirenz

Why is Sustiva prescribed?

Sustiva is one of the growing number of drugs used to fight HIV infection. HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, weakens the immune system until it can no longer fight off infections, leading to the fatal disease known as AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome).

Like other drugs for HIV, Sustiva works by impairing the virus's ability to multiply. However, when taken alone it may prompt the virus to become resistant. Sustiva is therefore always taken with at least one other HIV medication, such as Retrovir or Crixivan. Even when used properly, it may remain effective for only a limited time.

Most important fact about Sustiva

Though Sustiva can slow the progress of HIV, it is not a cure. HIV-related infections remain a danger, so frequent checkups and tests are still advisable.

How should you take Sustiva?

Be sure to take Sustiva every day, exactly as prescribed. Take the drug on an empty stomach, preferably at bedtime. Taking it at bedtime reduces the likelihood of side effects such as dizziness, impaired concentration, weakness, abnormal dreams, or drowsiness.

--If you miss a dose...

Take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the one you missed and go back to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.

--Storage instructions...

Store at room temperature.

What side effects may occur?

Side effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity, inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe for you to continue taking Sustiva.

• More common side effects may include:
  Abnormal dreaming, abnormal thinking, amnesia, agitation, confusion, cough, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, feelings of well-being, fever, hallucinations, headache, impaired concentration, insomnia, loss of identity, nausea, skin rash, vomiting

Why should Sustiva not be prescribed?

Do not take Sustiva with the following medications. The combination could cause serious--even life-threatening--effects such as heart irregularities or disrupted breathing.

Ergot-based migraine medications such as D.H.E. 45, Ergostat, and Sansert
Midazolam (Versed)
Triazolam (Halcion)

If Sustiva gives you an allergic reaction, you cannot continue using it.